I downloaded and installed "CCsetup580.exe" (free version). The installation seemed to progress normally.
Following installation, CCleaner did not appear in the "Programs list", nor could it be found using "Search".
There is no folder for CCleaner in the "Program Files" or "Program Files (x86) folders.
CCleaner DOES APPEAR in the "Settings/Apps & features" list however when I try to uninstall it, I receive an error message "Windows cannot find "en\uninst.exe"
i read of some phenomens like yours about w10 and ccleaner (standard) -> because of some other inbuild installer-links (i heard from avast av or ccleaner browser or what else)
sometimes it is w10 and the other is the av installed on your pc that blocked the installation of standard-ccleaner
It installs the same CCleaner but does it slightly differently, (it doesn't try to contact certain servers), so can often work where the 'Standard' installer gets hung up.
Another tip that sometimes works for problem installs is to disconnect from the internet before installing CCleaner.
(Again, if you are not on the internet it doesn't try to reach any servers).
Some other tips for overcoming install problems have been collected here:
As the Slim installer works for you then that indicates either your antivirus (Defender) settings or your firewall settings is blocking the Standard installer from reaching those particular servers.
Using the Slim installer doesn't try to reach those particular servers and so doesn't get blocked
Without being able to see your settings it's difficult to say just which one is doing the blocking.
(Plus ocassionally Windows will change what it blocks for a while, and then changes again and stops blocking what it did) .
I'd bookmark that 'Builds' page in case you need to use the Slim installer in future, or as said you could disconnect from the internet while using the Standard.
PS. The CCleaner that gets installed is exactly the same whichever of the two installers you use, there is only one CCleaner, it's just the installers themselves which are different.
(The main difference is that the Slim installer doesn't include any advertising).