Infected USB drive

Hello, I accidently plugged an infected USB drive into my computer. The computer was turned off when I plugged it in, but I read somewhere that The USB ports are still on even though the computer is turned off and its possible to still get infected. I was wondering whether or not this is true

as far as i know a PC must support powerdown usb in order for them to still work. That said the only thing that USB can do without a host operating system is charge (i.e. charge your phone, charge your iPad, charge your camera). This is only true if the PC is Shut down (or Hibernated), but if that's the state the computer is in then no virus could transfer.

I'm not sure if the same can be said if you computer is only sleeping though (usually you can tell the difference by weather or not the LED on your computer for power is slowly pulsing or not).